自适应多特征融合的大规模MIMO系统CSI反馈算法
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先进通信网全国重点实验室基金(FFX23641X021)


Adaptive multi feature fusion CSI feedback algorithm for massive MIMO systems
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    摘要:

    为了解决频分双工(frequency division duplex,FDD)制式下大规模多输入多输出(multiple input multiple output, MIMO)系统信道状态信息(channel state information, CSI)反馈精度差、多尺度特征无法自适应调整的问题,提出了一种自适应多特征融合的大规模MIMO系统CSI反馈算法。首先,利用离散傅里叶变换(discrete fourier transform, DFT)将空频域中的CSI变换到稀疏的角度时延域并进行截断,对CSI进行初步压缩;然后,根据自编码器原理搭建包含编码器和译码器的CSI反馈网络,并采用选择性卷积网络为不同尺度的CSI特征分配不同权重,对CSI特征进行自适应调整;最后,在COST 2100信道模型下进行仿真测试,将所提算法与4种CSI智能反馈算法进行对比分析。结果表明:相较于基准算法CsiNet,所提算法的归一化均方误差(NMSE)在室内、室外条件下分别有1.7~9.3 dB和0.55~2.64 dB的提升;相较于多特征简单融合的3种CSI反馈算法,所提算法更能适应压缩率和环境的变化,在压缩损失很大的室内1/64压缩率条件下,NMSE也有1 dB以上的提升。所提算法在自编码器架构上引入了选择性卷积网络,实现了多尺度特征的自适应调整,为大规模MIMO系统的CSI反馈提供了一种新的思路。

    Abstract:

    In order to solve the problems of poor feedback accuracy of channel state information (CSI) and inability to adaptively adjust multi-scale features in massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system under frequency division duplex (FDD), an adaptive multi feature fusion CSI feedback algorithm for massive MIMO systems was proposed. Firstly, the CSI in the space-frequency domain was moved to the angular-delay domain by using the discrete Fourier transform (DFT), and truncated to perform preliminary compression on the CSI; Then, based on the principle of autoencoder, a CSI feedback network consisting of encoder and decoder was constructed, and a selective kernel network was used to allocate different weights to CSI features of different scales, adaptively adjusting the CSI features; Finally, simulation tests were conducted under the COST 2100 channel model to compare and analyze the proposed algorithm with four CSI intelligent feedback algorithms. The results show that compared to the benchmark algorithm CsiNet, the proposed algorithm has a normalized mean square error (NMSE) improvement of 1.7~9.3 dB and 0.55~2.64 dB under indoor and outdoor conditions, respectively; Compared to the three CSI feedback algorithms with simple fusion of multiple features, the proposed algorithm can better adapt to changes in compression rate and environment. Under the condition of high compression loss in indoor 1/64 compression rate, NMSE also has an improvement of more than 1 dB. The algorithm proposed in this paper introduces a selective kernel network into the autoencoder to realize the adaptive adjustment of multi-scale features and provides a new way of CSI feedback for massive MIMO systems.

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张 涵,刘丽哲,杨 朔,李 勇,汪 畅.自适应多特征融合的大规模MIMO系统CSI反馈算法[J].河北工业科技,2025,42(3):205-211

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  • 收稿日期:2024-10-28
  • 最后修改日期:2025-03-25
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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-06-02
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